Forging-machine



F. R. LONG.

FORGING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED sEPLzz, |917.

Patented Mar. 8, 192.1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Freakrc/E I?. 0W

' JH l' m dor/wy F. R. LO'NG.

FORGING MACHINE. APPLICATION man sEPLzz, 1917.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2`.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK R. LONG, F BERWICK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN CAB AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI,A A CORPORATICN 0F NEW JERSEY.

- FORGING-MACHINE.

Specication of vLetters Patent.

Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK R. LONG, residing at Berwick, Columbia county, State of Pennsylvania, and being a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Forging-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and .to use the same, reference being had to the accompanyin drawings, which .illustrate the preferred orm of the invention, though it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, as it is obvious that various modifications thereof within the scope of the claims will occur to persons skilled in the art.

ln said drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of my improved forging machine, showing a piece of work between the rolls with the latterv havingjust completed the shaping thereof;

rig. 2 is a plan view ofthe same, the work having been omitted except that the position of a piece of work held by the pocketed cams is indicated in dot and dash lines;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. l transversely of the machine, showing the upper portion thereof as viewed in the direction of the arrows, the ina-jor portion of the view being 1n elevation;

ig. is an elevational view of the circumferential face of the discharging roll, showin the work-receiving pocket;

Fig. is a detail sect'onal view taken on `the line 5 5 of Fig. 2, illustrating the antifriction work support intermediate the work-shaping rolls;

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the cylindrical blank or billet that is fed into the machine; and

Fig. 7 illustrates the same in elevation as it appears after the rolls have shaped it.

The present invention relates to forging machines, and particularly to a type wherein there are associated work-shaping rolls provided with peripheral contours that are cooperative to subdivide a piece of work positioned between them into multiples of an intended product, said rolls also shaping each multiple.

Convenient means for mounting the workshaping rolls may consist ofan appropriate frame supplied with bearings therefor. Such frame will preferably have an upward extension advantageously positioned to support a work-feeding device that leads to the upper surface of one of the rolls. Included in the work-feeding device is suitablemeans to prevent the feeding of work to the shaping rolls, as a gate normally closed by gravity or other suitable means.

Secured to or formed integral with the roll to which the work-feeding device leads are cams adapted to periodically open the gate of the feeding device to release a piece of work. Obviously, where desirable, the gate may loe operated in other manner. Arrangement is -made forthe referred to roll to receive and hold on its periphery a piece of work as it is released from the feeding device, whereby such work will be carried during the continued rotation of that roll to a work-support upon which it is deposited.

lThis work-support may be of an anti-friction type adapted to hold the work so that it may he rotated by companion rolls between which it is positioned and which cooperate to shape it.

Another of thesecooperating rolls is provided with work-rernoving means, which may be in the form of a pocket in its periphery. The correlation of the rolls and their respective parts is such that the second specified roll presents its pocket to receive the work after latter has been fully formed. Usually the work will automatically leave its anti-friction support and place itself in the pocket of the second roll. That there may be no failure of the work to do so, the

roll that deposited it on the 4worlr-support is provided with dislodging means adapted to drive the work into the pocket of said second or companion roll.

Continued rotation of this second roll carries the formed work in proximity to. its periphery to a discharge chute, which receives the formed work and discharges it from the machine. The work between the multiples of the intended product will have been so thinned by the rolls that, upon the work falling from the discharge chute, the multiples will brea into individual units.

Such features as have not already been referred to, but which become manifest hereinafter, are, of course, to be regarded as com ing within the scope of the invention` lll) Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the spaced longitudinal sides of the frame of the machine, which are provided with suitable bearings 2 and 3. Positioned between said sides 1 of the frame are companion workshaping rolls, of which 4 is a work-receiving roll having journals 5 seated in bearings 2. A coperative work-discharging roll 6 is provided with journals 7 mounted in bearings 3, beingspaced out of tangential contact with roll 4 suciently to establish the desired cross sectional dimension of the work. Journals 5 and 7 may be the end portions of shafts to which the rolls 4 and 6, res ectivel are secured for rotation therewit or t ey may be trunnions extending from the sides of said rolls.

Gears 8 and 9 are rigidly secured to journals 5 and 7, respectively, being maintained in mutually responsive relation by a pinion 10 in mesh with both said ears. Pinion 10 is mounted on a short sha t 11, one end of' which has a bearing in the adjacent frame side 1, the opposite endof said shaft being mounted in a standard 12 outside pinion 10. Shaft 11 extends through and outwardly beond standard 12 to receive means for driving it, such as driving pulley P. The illustrated gear train comprising gears 8 and 9 and pinion 10, or any other substituted driving connection between gears 8 and 9, is arranged to rotate gears 8 and 9 in the same direction, which, in the present instance, is counterclockwise. Therefore, rolls 4 and 6 rotate simultaneously counterclockwise.

To the right of bearings 2, standards 13` arise from the opposite longitudinal sides -1 of the main portion of the machine frame, the upper end portions of standards 13 being inclined upwardl The inclined upper portions of standar s 13 are connected by an upper cross member 14 having the same inclination, andPan inclined chute l5 is secured thereto and with a corresponding inclination leads to the work-receiving roll 4. Chute 15 comprises a bottom wall 16 and spaced side walls 17, through which latter, intermediate their lengths, extends a pivot pin 18 upon which is mounted a chute-closing gate 19. Said gate includes cross-connected side members 20 substantially paralleling the chute side walls 17 and extending beyond the ends thereof, where they are formed into cam followers 21, the lower edges of which rest upon the normal periphery of roll 4. Side members 2O of gate 19 are connected back of the cam follower portions 21 thereof by a cross bar 22 which serves to hold the work from feeding to the rolls 4 and 6.

In practice the billets are fed to the chute 15 from any suitable source, such as a hopper, not shown, the billet coming into contact with the cross bar 22 and thereby being arrested.

During forging operations, appropriate means are vemployed to periodically open gate 19 to release a piece of work, said gate automatically closing thereafter to restrain the subsequent billets 23, and such gate may be heavier at its lower end and be pivoted, as shown, to close by gravity.

The gravity-closing gate 19 is shown as being conveniently opened at the proper time by suitable cams 24 arising from or near the opposite sides of work-receiving roll 4, such cams in the illustrated form being effective once during each revolution of roll 4. For convenience in machining the' rolls down the bottom wall 16 thereof onto the periphery of work-receiving roll 4 to engage work-holding means on that roll. Such j means 'may be independently formed, but are advantageously created by the formation of ockets 26 on the inner sides of cams 24.

he metal forming the pockets partakes the shape of hooks protruding from the periphery of work-receiving roll 4, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, which hooks are alined transversely of said roll.

The companion work-shaping rolls 4 and 6 are adapted to rotate continuously, and therefore the cylindrical blank or billet 23 held in pockets 26 of cams 24 will be carried down between such rolls to be deposited upon the roller 27 shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Said roller is intermediate and preferably below the centers of rolls 4 and 6 a suflicient distance to place the center of the cylindri cal Work in the same horizontal plane as the centers of rolls 4 and 6. Roller 27 has reduced ends or trunnions revolubly mounted in spaced bearings of a standard 28, which with roller 27 constitutes an antifriction work-support intermediate the companion work-shaping rolls.

Each roll 4 and 6 is provided on its periphery with a circumferential rib 29 which arises from the normal surface of the roll periphery and increases in thickness and Width as it progresses around the roll in a direction opposite to that in which said roll rotates.

Thus, after the cylindrical blank or billet 23 has been deposited upon its anti-friction support between the rolls 4 and 6, it is gradually compressed in cross section, ribs 29 developing an annular depression that constantly increases ,in depth and width to an ultimate extent equal to the maximum thickness and width of the circumferential ribs 29. The work 23 is therefore subdivided into multiples of an intended product, and, as seen by comparing Figs. 2 and 7, the work will b`e shaped by the rolls in each multiple, on each side of the circumferential ribs 29. Where a greater number of multiples is desired, it is only necessary to increase the width of the rolls and the number ofthe ribs 29, as will be readily understood.

Fig. 1 shows a cylindrical blank or billet positioned between the companion Workshaping rolls 4 and 6, the latter being in positions wherein they have substantially completed the shaping of the piece of Work 23. In said figure and in Fig. 5, the workdischarging roll 6 is shown to have a workreceiving pocket 30 almost in osition to receive the formed billet 23. rIphis pocket extends inwardly from the periphery at an acute angle thereto and its innermost wall 30"1 is curved to form a socket having approximately the same diameter as the work.

The socket is thus a semi-circular groove forming an elongated work-carrying means. As shown, this pocket extends longitudinally or axially of the roll 6, adjacent its periphery, and the side wall 30b of the pocket is preferably a plane or flat surface extending inwardly at an acute angle relative to the periphery of the roll. This surface merges into the curved wall 30a of the socket and serves as a guide to pass the work directly into and during the discharge of the work out of the socket and pocket.

1Where the curved wall 30a of the socket contacts or merges into the periphery of the roll 6, a comparatively sharp angle or edge 30c is produced that forms substantially a work pick-up adapted to engage with the finished -work for removing it from between the rolls. This edge overhangs the socket so that the open-side of the groove or socket is tangent to the periphery of the roll.

From Fig. 5, it will be seen that, as the roll 6 revolves, the work is carried with it, and the edge 30c prevents the work from. being thrown outward until it passes beyond the vertical center line, which work, therefore, cannot leave the pocket except at the proper time and in the discharge direction. As the roll 6 and its pocket 30 approach the discharging point, the work will begin to leave the socket or groove, rolling on the side wall 30b with increasing lacceleration, until the pocket opening registers with the discharge chute, whereupon the work will pass thereto without the aid of auxiliary devices to impart an initial movement. This will provide a positive and automatic discharge of the work that is inherent in the formation of the pocket and socket and thus utilizes the weight of the work. Y

lWork-discharging roll 6, rotating coun ter-clockwise to a slightly greater extent, positions pocket 30 so that the cylindrical blank 23 will automatically roll into it. To guard against a failure of the formed work 23doing this, the work-receiving-roll 4 is provided with dislodgin means, such as a pair of triangularly s aped kickers roll 6 has passed beyond a osition to re ceive it, in case said Work or'any reason has failed to automatically deposit itself in' such pocket.

The bottom wall 16 of work-feeding chute 15 is cut away at both of its sides, as indicated at 32, for a suflicient distance inwardly from the lower edge of bottom lwall 16 to .permit the passage of cams 24 'and kickers 3l. Said bottom wall 16 of the feed chute is also centrally cut away at 33 for the passage of the circumferential rib 29. Thereforedespite the irregularities on the periphery of roll 4, there is no interference of the parts.

The cylindrical billet 23, after being formed by rolls 4 and 6 and having entered pocket 30 of thelatter roll, is carried in proximity to the periphery of roll 6 through an ascending and descending arcuatefpath toward the opposite end of the machine, whereupon roll 6 discharges it upon a discharge chute 34. Discharge chute 34 ma be inclined as shown in Fig. 1, and the wor deposited thereupon rolls down the same and drops a considerable distance in emerging from the machine. Since the portion of the formed work 23-Which was shaped by the circumferential ribs 29 is relatively thin, the shock the work receives upon striking the ground, or whatever it falls upon, is sufficient to break the formed billet 23 into individual units, each corresponding to one of the multiples of said formed work.

In some instances the machine may be used to form the billets 23 while they are cold, but when shaping cylindrical steel billets the same are preferably heated to a proper degree before being placed inthe work-feeding chute 15.

It will be noted that, as shown in' Figs. -1 and 4, roll 6 is recessed at 35 near its'oppositesides,.establishing clearance for rthe pas# sage of cams 24 on roll 4. Rolls 4 and 6 may thus be brought into such proximity that work may be shaped to smaller diameter than in instances where this clearance is not provided. Also, the adjacent portions of the. peripheral surfaces of rolls 4 and 6 travel in opposite directions, and, in bearing against the work, revolve it, so that no flat places are produced therein.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine of the character described, a plurality of suitably mounted work-shaping rolls rotatable in the same direction and at like speeds, and means secured upon the ends of one of said rolls to carry work into position to be operated upon therewith, part of said means being adapted.

to position Work between adjacent rolls and another art thereof to remove the work from sai rolls, said latter part being inherent in the formation of one of the rolls and being wholly within the periphery of thev roll. v

3. In a machine of the character described, a pair of work-shaping rolls, a work-supporting roller mounted therebetween, wrk-holding means on each roll that on one rolly being adapted to deposit work on said roller and that on another roll being formed to automatically remove the work from said roller and to. discharge it from said rolls, and means to forcethe work t0 the work discharging means.

4, In a machine of the character described, companion rolls having co-acting work-shaping peripheries adapted to produce a fragile place in work, a work-support intermediate said rolls, means movable with one of said rolls to deliver`work to said support, and meansl formed in the other roll to remove the work v after said rolls have shaped it. u

5. In a machine of the character described, rotatable companion rolls having circumferential ribs adapted to reduce' the cross section of work to subdivide the latter intoV multiples, said rolls being formed to shape each multiple, a support arranged to hold the work rotatively between said rolls, and means movable toward and from said support to deliver the work thereto and means to remove it therefrom after it has been shaped.

Y6. In a machine of the character described, companion rolls rotatable in the same direction and having circumferential ribs of increasing thickness and width adapted to reduce the cross section of work to subdivide the` latter into multiples, said rolls being formed to shape said multiples, means to support the work rotatively between said rolls and work-inserting and extracting means.

7. In a machine of the character described, receiving and discharging workshaping rolls, a work-feeding device leading to said receiving roll, means to support the work rotatively between said rolls, said receiving roll being provided with means to convey work to said work-supporting means and said discharging roll being formed to receive and discharge the work after said rolls have shaped it.

8. In a machine of the character described, rotatable receiving and discharging rolls, means for supporting work therebetween, said receiving roll being with means to convey work to sald worksupporting means and said discharging roll having a work-receiving pocket, and dislodging means on said receiving roll adapted to drive the work from said supportin means into lsaid pocket, the discharging rol being movable to thereafter convey the work away and' discharge it.l y 9. Ina machine of the character described, receiving and discharging work-shaping rolls, a work-feeding device leading toisaid receiving roll, actuating means therefor effective to operate said device when the latter roll is in' predetermined position, the rst roll being provided with means tocarry work to a position between the rolls, and the second roll being integrally formed to remove and thereafter to carry work from a position beprovided tween said rolls and means to force the work to the work discharging roll.

10. In a machine of the character -described, work-shaping rolls rotatable in the same direction, a support to hold work intermediate said rolls, a work-feeding device leading to one roll1neans movable with that roll to which said device is periodically responsive to release a piece of work, means on the same roll'to carry work to said support, and work-removing and work-carrying means in and forming part of the periphery of the adjacent roll.

l1. In a machine of the character described, rotatably mounted work-shaping rolls and a support to hold Work therebetween, one roll being provided with means to hold work in proximity to its periphery and movable with said roll to deposit work on said support and a companion roll formed with means in its periphery to receive and remove the work.

12. In a machine of the character described, receiving and discharging workshaping rolls rotatable in the same direction and atl the same speeds, a work-feeding device leading to said receiving roll, a discharge chute leading from said discharge periodically operate said device, holding means on the receiving roll and movable therewith to convey work to said support, the discharge roll being formed with means to receive work in its periphery and capable of conveying the work to said discharge chute.

13. In a machine of the character described, a frame with spaced sides, companion rolls mounted to rotate therebetween, each roll being provided with a circumferential rib merging with the normal periphery of the roll and increasing in, thickness and width, a work support intermediate said rolls, one roll being rovided with means to conve work to sai support and another roll ormed to convey it therefrom, andv means to rotate said rolls in the same direction at the same s 14. In a machine of the charactei` described, a frame with spaced sides, companion rolls therebetween, journals therefor rotatively supported b said frame sides, the peripheries of said ro s having circumferential ribs adapted to subdivide work i'nto multiples, said rollslbeing adapted to .shape each multiple, a work-support,one roll having means to convey work thereto and a'nother roll formed to convey v'it away therefrom, and gearing todrive said rolls in the same direction. l

15. In a machine of the character'v described, a frame, companion work-shaping rolls mounted therein and geared to rotate v in the same direction, said rolls having circumferential ribs adapted to subdivide work into multiples, a standard extending between said rolls, and a roller mounted therein, one roll being adapted to deposit work thereon and theadj acent roll being formed to remove and discharge the work.

16. In a machine of the character described, a frame, companion work-shaping rolls having journals mounted therein, a gear train including gears secured to journals of said rolls and adapted to rotate the rolls in the same direction atA the same speed, and an anti-friction work support, one roll being adapted to deposit work thereon andan adjacent roll formed to remove and discharge the work therefrom.

17. In; a machine of the character described, a frame, companion work-shaping rolls mounted therein, a support upstanding from said frame, a stationary inclined workfeeding chiite supported thereby and leading to the periphery of one roli, a gate normally cicsing said chute, and a cain on the last mentioned roli adapted to periodically open said gate. l

18. In a` machine of the character described, a frame, companion work-shaping i rolis mounted therein, an inclined workfeeding chuteleading to the periphery of one roll and iixedly supported in position lwith respect thereto, a gate normally closing -said chute, and alined cams on the last inen' ing rolls, an inclined work-feeding chute, a`

gate therefor closed by` gravity, and cam means on one of said rolls adapted to be vcar- --ied thereby into periodic engagement with said ate to open the same independently of the c ute. l

In a machine of the character described, a frame, companion work-shaping rolls mounted therein, a support extending 'of said rolls, a pivoted chute gate having cam followers normally engaging the last mentioned roll, gate-operating cams adapted to. engage said followers and means for conve ing work into position between said rolls ,oth on the specified roll, said chute' and cam followers being recessed for the passage of sid conveying means.

22. In a machine of the character `de scribed, companion work-shaping rolls provided with circumferential ribs, a workfeeding chute leading to one of said rolls, a ivoted chute gate provided with cam fol oweis, another of said rolls having a work-receiving pocket, the first specified roll being provided with gate-operating cams, means to hold worl for vconveyance to position between said rolls, and dislodging devices -on one roll to force work into the pocket of said other roll, said chute being recessed for the passage of the rib of the first roll, said cams, work-holding means and dislodging devices, and said cani ,followers being recessed for last two elements.

23. In v a machine of the character described, a plurality of work-shaping rolls, associated work-conveyin means, and means permitting the dwelling of work between adjacent rolls, said work-conveying and dwelling-permittin means coperating to cause work to travel Irom roll to roll and preventing the opposite side of said rolls while it is between adjacent rolls.

24. In a machine of the character described, a pair of rotatable work-shaping rolls each provided with work-holding passage of the the work from emerging fromscribed, a pair of rotatable work-shaping rolls, one rolf bei provided with means for regulating the feeding of work to said rolls, said means being movable into the zone of the other roll, the latter roll being fashioned to ermit passage of said means without inter erence.

26. A roll having a surface adapted to reduce a blank and provided with an undercut work-receiving ocket adjacent to the periphery of the Aro l.

27. A roll having a surface adapted to reduce a blank and provided with. an undercut work-receiving ocketadjaeent to the periphery of the rol and havlng a curvedwall socket at one end thereof.

28. A- roll having a surface adapted to' a longitudinally extending semi-circulargroove, one edge of which connects with the periphery by a flat wall extending inward therefrom at an acute angle, said roove formed under the periphery so that its open-side is approximately at a right angle thereto.

30. forging machine `having spaced companion rolls each provided with surfaces adapted to simultaneously alter the shape of a billet, one of said rolls having work-carrying means adjacent the periphery and secured to the ends thereof and with work throw-off means, another of the rolls being provided with a work-en aging pocket and a socket formed below t e peripheral surface of the roll, and means to rotate said rolls in the same direction at the same speed. l

31. A forging machine com risin spaced rolls having surfaces adapte toa ter the shape of a billet, one of said rolls being provided with billet receiving pockets disposed adjacent its periphery and secured at the ends of said roll, and with work throwoff means circumferentially spaced from said billet receiving pockets, another of the rolls being/.provided with a work-receiving and work-carrying pocket adapted to receive the work, one` edge of said pocket being .adapted to serve as a pick-u and remove Work from Vbetween the rol s and also to retain the work in the pocket during roll movement, and said pocket, after passing the vertical diameter of the roll,

being capable of discharging the work at4 a tangent to said roll, a feeding chute for supplying billets to the rolls, a discharge 4and merging into the periphery to partly inclose the pocket, the juncture of the two servlng as a work p1ck-up and also to retain a piece of work in the pocket during a portion of the angular travel of the roll. Y

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK R. LONG'. Witnesses: HENRY F. TRAUGH,

E. M. Koenen. 

